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The function of wetting agent is to make solid materials more easily wetted by water. By reducing its surface tension or interfacial tension, water can expand on the surface of solid materials or penetrate into the surface, so as to wet solid materials.

Wetting agent is a surfactant that can make solid materials more easily wetted by water by reducing its surface energy. Wetting agents are surfactants, which are composed of hydrophilic and lipophilic groups. When in contact with the solid surface, the lipophilic group attaches to the solid surface, and the hydrophilic group extends outward into the liquid, so that the liquid forms a continuous phase on the solid surface, which is the basic principle of wetting.

Wetting agent, also known as penetrant, can make solid materials more easily wetted by water. It is mainly due to the reduction of surface tension or interfacial tension, so that water can expand on the surface of solid materials or penetrate into their surface to wet them. The wetting degree is measured by the wetting angle (or contact angle). The smaller the wetting angle is, the better the liquid wetts the solid surface. Different liquid and solid wetting agents are also different. Used in textile, printing and dyeing, papermaking, tanning and other industries. It is also used in the preparation of latex, as a pesticide adjuvant and mercerizing agent, and sometimes as an emulsifier, dispersant or stabilizer. Wetting agent used in photosensitive material industry requires high purity and special production organization.